Most Christians believe that
Jesus’ suffering for the sins of the world took place only on the cross. To them, the cross has become the symbol of
His grace. Latter-day Saints understand
that His suffering began in the Garden of Gethsemane and ended on the cross.
The word Gethsemane is a clue in itself, and I do not believe it was by
accident that Jesus went there to pray the night before His death. Nothing He
ever did was coincidental. The word Gethsemane means olive press. It was so named
because of the olive presses that did and – so I understand – still do exist in
the garden. I’ve never seen olive oil
being pressed, but I have listened to those who have. The olives are ground to a pulp under large
stone wheels. The olive mash is then
placed into the press where a heavy stone presses down with such force that oil
and water are extruded from the olive mash and run out through an opening in
the bottom of the press into a collecting trough. Those who have seen it firsthand say that the
first liquid to come through is a deep, blood red and that it will stain
anything it touches.
I believe that the symbolism of
the olive press is a description of Christ’s suffering when the weight of the
sins of the world pressed down on a sinless man. Let me walk you through the Biblical account
and then follow up with the Book of
Mormon and modern-day revelation.
Prophesying about the atonement,
the Psalmist wrote: “I am full of heaviness; and I looked for some to take
pity, but there was none. . .” (Psalm
69:20). The first thing Matthew
tells us is that as Jesus goes deeper into the garden with Peter, James, and
John, He said that He felt “sorrowful and very
heavy . . . exceedingly sorrowful, even unto death . . .” (Matthew 26: 37-38).
Mark also tells us that Jesus
felt very heavy, but he also said that Jesus “began to be sore amazed . . .” (Mark 14:33). Jesus had known from before the foundations
of the world that He would suffer for the sins of the world. But as the weight of that awful burden began
to press down upon Him, I think He was
sore amazed. He was a sinless man. He had known grief and sorrow, but never the
tormenting grief of sin.
Mark also tells us that Jesus
“went forward a little, and fell on the ground, and prayed . . .” (Mark 14:35). The Greek verbs translated as went, fell, and prayed are in the imperfect tense describing, not an action that
happened once and then stopped, but rather a series of actions that went on and
on. So Jesus went forward and fell and
prayed; went forward and fell and prayed; went forward and fell and prayed. The
crushing weight of the sins and sorrows of the world had to have been almost unbearable. Only Mark tells us that, as He prayed that
the bitter cup be taken from Him, He addressed His Heavenly Father as Abba – a close translation of which is daddy. His torment must have been unfathomable.
Luke was a physician. He gives us an insight into Jesus’ suffering
in the garden that none of the other gospel writers could have. Luke tells us that in the depth of “agony, he
prayed more earnestly; and his sweat was as it were great drops of blood
falling down to the ground” (Luke
22:44).
Scholars are conflicted as to what
Luke meant. The confusion surrounds the
Greek word, hos. If the word is used as an adverb, it means
Jesus sweat was like blood. If it is used as an adjective, it means His
sweat was blood. The question cannot
be answered by an appeal to the Bible
alone, but men have gone both ways on the issue. Our phrases for severe stress - “sweat blood”
and “blood, sweat, and tears” - certainly come from Luke’s account of Jesus’
suffering.
King Benjamin, a righteous
Nephite king and prophet, wrote this about 125 years before Jesus was born:
And lo, he shall
suffer temptations, and pain of body, hunger, thirst, and fatigue, even more
than man can suffer, except it be unto death; for behold blood cometh from
every pore, so great shall be his anguish for the wickedness and the
abominations of his people. And he shall
be called . . . the Son of God .
. . the Creator of all things from the beginning . . . (Mosiah 3: 7-8).
In modern revelation, Jesus
Himself said that He sweat blood in the Garden of Gethsemane. After calling the Latter-day Saints to
repentance, He told the Prophet Joseph Smith:
For behold, I,
God, have suffered these things for all, that they might not suffer if they
would repent; But if they would not repent they must suffer even as I; Which
suffering caused myself, even God, the greatest of all, to tremble because of
pain, and to bleed at every pore, and to suffer both body and spirit – and
would that I might not drink the bitter cup, and shrink – Nevertheless, glory
be to the Father, and I partook and finished my preparations unto the children
of men (Doctrine and Covenants
19: 16 – 19).
Jesus bled further that same
night as he was beaten severely and more than once. These are the “stripes” with which we are
healed (Isaiah 53:5). This, too, was part
of the price He paid for our sins. Only
then did He go to the cross.
Crucifixion was a brutal, painful,
and shameful death. Certainly, there was
bleeding with nails driven into feet, hands, and wrists. But its victims didn’t bleed to death. They died from suffocation when, through
shock and fatigue, their legs could no longer hold their weight and they
slumped, crushing their lungs. Men
sometimes hung on the cross for days before dying.
Jesus was on the cross for six
hours – from 9:00 AM to 3:00 PM – before He died. We know He was already weak from loss of
blood because He said He was thirsty, a sign of low blood volume. When He died, He did not die from the effects
of the crucifixion. He died because He
gave up His life; no one took it from
Him. Luke tells us that He said, “Father into thy hands I commend my
spirit: and having said thus, he gave up the ghost” (Luke 23: 46).
The Jewish Sabbath would begin at
6:20 PM that year. The three men on the
crosses could not be left to hang during Sabbath so the soldiers moved to
complete the executions before then. The
two thieves were still alive and the Roman soldiers broke their legs to hasten
their deaths. But when the soldier
approached Jesus, He was already dead and, therefore, he did not break His
legs. This fulfilled prophecy that none of His bones would be broken. The Paschal lamb was to have no bones broken
during the sacrifice (see
Numbers 9:12) and the Psalmist wrote, “He keepeth all his bones: not one
of them is broken” (Psalms
34:20).
To make sure Jesus was dead, a
soldier pierced His side with his sword.
Blood and water gushed out like the virgin pressing of the olive mash
and the atonement and suffering for our sins was over.
Text copyright Gebara Education 2011
Pictures from multiple sources on the web